Filippo Palizzi - Domenico Morelli - Italian painter

Domenico Morelli (4 August 1826, Naples, Italy -- 13 August 1901, Naples) was an Italian painter, who mainly produced historical and religious works.
He was born to a poor family. His talent was noted, and he was enrolled at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Naples in 1836-1846, where he befriended Francesco Saverio Altamura. His early works contain imagery drawn from the Medieval stories and Romantic poets such as Byron. In 1848 he won a fellowship to study in Rome. But had just returned to Naples, when the insurrections of 1848 erupted in Naples. He joined the protesters in the barricades on via Toledo, and was wounded and briefly imprisoned. In a retrospective published after his death, Isabella Anderton would label Domenico as one of the warrior artists of Italy, a group which also included Filippo Palizzi, Telemaco Signorini, Stefano Ussi, and Francesco Saverio Altamura.
Released, Morelli returned to Rome and visited Florence in the 1850s where he received his first public recognition for The Iconoclasts. He participated in the Universal Exposition in Paris in 1855 and, later, in Florence was an active participant in the Macchiaioli discussions on Realism. Morelli claimed that it was these discussions that made his own work less academic and helped him to develop a freer style and to experiment with color. In this period, he is grouped into the school of Realism.
By 1857, he had returned to Naples. He was a member of an independent society, led by his friend Filippo Palizzi, to promote the liberal arts, called the Societa Promotrice in 1862.[2] He was appointed consultant for new acquisitions of the Capodimonte art museum in Naples and, thus, had significant impact on the subsequent direction of the collections. In 1868, Morelli became a professor of painting at his old school, now the Royal Institute of Fine Arts in Naples. From that period onward, his interest turned to religious and mystical themes, drawn from mostly Christian, but also Jewish and Muslim traditions. Perhaps best-known from this period is the Assumption on the ceiling of the Royal Palace in Naples. Morelli was also one of the collaborators for the illustrations of the Amsterdam Bible in 1895. From 1899 until his death, he was president of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Naples. In 1886, he was knighted a senator by the King. Among his pupils was Francesco Paolo Michetti and Enrico Salfi. Morelli designed the frescoes painted for the tomb of Giacomo Leopardi, located in the church of San Vitale, but they were completed posthumously by his son-in-law, Paolo Vet.

Filippo Palizzi moved to Naples in 1837 and enrolled at the Royal Institute of Fine Arts but withdrew after few months to attend the private school of the painter Giuseppe Bonolis. Contact with his brother Giuseppe, who moved to France in 1844, introduced him to the painting of the Barbizon School. He visited Paris on the occasion of the Universal Exhibition in 1855 and then went on to Holland and the Netherlands. Having returned to Paris in 1863, he concentrated on nature studies from life and took part in the Universal Exhibition of 1867, winning a gold medal. The following decade saw further work on the handling of light both in landscapes painted outdoors and in paintings of interiors. He often paints Genre topics of children with animals.
His only painting at the Museum of Capodimonte, the Exodus of Animals from the Ark, is a parade of different species.
An advocate of the need to bring academic teaching up to date, he founded the Naples Società Promotrice di Belle Arti in 1861 together with Domenico Morelli and the Museo Artistico Industriale in 1878, being appointed director two years later. Filippo Palizzi was named commendatore of the Order of the Crown of Italy and of the Austrian Order of Franz Joseph, and honorary Associate of numerous Academies. His brothers Nicola and Giuseppe Palizzi were also painters.

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